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  线程池
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  <h1 id="线程池"><a href="#线程池" class="headerlink" title="线程池"></a>线程池</h1><h2 id="1-线程池思想概述"><a href="#1-线程池思想概述" class="headerlink" title="1.线程池思想概述"></a>1.线程池思想概述</h2><p>我们使用线程的时候就会去创建一个线程，这样实现起来非常便捷，但是有一个问题：</p>
<p>如果并发线程数量很多，并且每个线程都是执行一个时间很短的任务就结束了，这样频繁创建线程就会大大降低系统的效率，因为频繁创建线程和销毁线程需要时间。</p>
<p>那么有没有一种方法使得线程可以复用，就是执行完一个任务，并不被销毁，而是可以继续执行其他任务？</p>
<p>在Java中可以通过线程池来达到这样的效果。</p>
<h2 id="2-线程池的概念"><a href="#2-线程池的概念" class="headerlink" title="2.线程池的概念"></a>2.线程池的概念</h2><ul>
<li>线程池：其实就是一个容纳多个线程的容器，其中的线程可以反复使用，省去了频繁创建线程对象的工作，无需反复创建线程二消耗过多的资源。</li>
</ul>
<p>由于线程池中有很多很多操作都是与优化资源相关的，我们通过一张图来了解线程池的工作原理</p>
<span id="more"></span>

<p><img src="https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/H3d9de463e1864ce59db8b2ae9be10eceu.jpg"></p>
<p><img src="https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/H1485f7b773ed4aaab9f514d78b231d3eT.jpg"></p>
<ul>
<li>合理使用线程池的三个好处：<ol>
<li>降低资源消耗。减少了创建和销毁线程的次数，每个工作线程都可以被重复利用，可执行多个任务。</li>
<li>提高响应速度。当任务到达时，任务可以不需要等到线程创建就能立即执行。</li>
<li>提高线程的可管理性。可以根据系统的承受能力，调整线程池中工作线程的数目，防止因为消耗过多的内存而把服务器累趴下（每个线程需要大约1MB的内存，线程开的越多，消耗的内存越大，最后死机。</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="3-线程池的使用"><a href="#3-线程池的使用" class="headerlink" title="3.线程池的使用"></a>3.线程池的使用</h2><p>java里面线程池的顶级接口是<code>java.util.concurrent.Executor</code>,但是严格意义上讲<code>Executor</code>并不是一个线程池，儿媳只是一个执行线程的工具，真正的线程池接口是<code>java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService</code>。</p>
<p>要配置一个线程池是比较复杂的，尤其是对于线程池的原理不是很清楚的情况下，很有可能配置的线程池不是较优的，因此在<code>java.util.concurrent.Executors</code>线程工厂中提供了一些静态工厂，生成一些常用的线程池。官方建议使用Executors工程类来创建线程池对象。</p>
<p>Executors中有各创建线程池的方法如下：</p>
<p><code>public static ExecutorService    newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads)</code> : 返回线程池对象（创建的是有界线程池，也就是池中的线程个数可以指定最大值）</p>
<h2 id="4-代码展示"><a href="#4-代码展示" class="headerlink" title="4.代码展示"></a>4.代码展示</h2><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.concurrent.Executors;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 线程池：JDK1.5之后提供的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * java.util.concurrent.Executors - 线程池的工厂类，用来生成线程池</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 	Executors 类中的静态方法：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 		public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) 创建一个可重用固定线程数的线程池</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 		参数：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 			int nThreads：创建线程池中包含的线程最大数量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 		返回值：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 			ExecutorService接口，返回的是ExecutorService接口的实现类对象，我们可以使用ExecutorService接口接收（面向接口编程）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService - 线程池接口</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 		用来从线程池中获取线程，调用start方法，执行线程任务	</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 			submit(Runnable task) 提交一个Runnable任务用于执行</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 		关闭/销毁线程池的方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 			void shutdown();</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 线程池的使用步骤</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 	1.使用线程池的工厂类Executors里面提供的静态方法newFixedThreadPool()生产一个指定线程数量的线程池</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 	2.创建一个类，实现Runnable接口，重写run方法，设置线程任务</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 	3.调用ExecutorService中的方法submit，传递线程任务（实现类），开启线程，执行run方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 	4.调用ExecutorService中的方法shutdown()销毁线程池(不建议使用)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>   2019年9月9日</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> ht</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">ThreadPoolDemo01</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//1.使用线程池的工厂类里卖弄提供的静态方法newFixedThreadPool()生产一个指定线程数量的线程池</span></span><br><span class="line">		ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(<span class="number">2</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//2.创建一个类，实现Runnable接口，重写run方法，设置线程任务</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//3.调用ExecutorService中的方法submit，传递线程任务（实现类），开启线程，执行run方法</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool.submit(<span class="keyword">new</span> RunnableImpl());<span class="comment">//Thread[pool-1-thread-1,5,main]创建了一个新任务执行！</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//线程池回一直开启，使用完了线程，会把线程归还给线程池，线程可以继续执行</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool.submit(<span class="keyword">new</span> RunnableImpl());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//Thread[pool-1-thread-2,5,main]创建了一个新任务执行！</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool.submit(<span class="keyword">new</span> RunnableImpl());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//Thread[pool-1-thread-1,5,main]创建了一个新任务执行！</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool.submit(<span class="keyword">new</span> RunnableImpl());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//Thread[pool-1-thread-1,5,main]创建了一个新任务执行！</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">//4.调用ExecutorService中的方法shutdown()销毁线程池(不建议使用)</span></span><br><span class="line">		pool.shutdown();</span><br><span class="line">		pool.submit(<span class="keyword">new</span> RunnableImpl());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException,线程池已经销毁，不能再获取到线程</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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<script src="/myBlogs/js/lazyload.min.js"></script>

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<script src="/myBlogs/js/tocbot.min.js"></script>

<script>
  tocbot.init({
    tocSelector: '.tocbot',
    contentSelector: '.article-entry',
    headingSelector: 'h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6',
    hasInnerContainers: true,
    scrollSmooth: true,
    scrollContainer: 'main',
    positionFixedSelector: '.tocbot',
    positionFixedClass: 'is-position-fixed',
    fixedSidebarOffset: 'auto'
  });
</script>

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery-modal@0.9.2/jquery.modal.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery-modal@0.9.2/jquery.modal.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/justifiedGallery@3.7.0/dist/js/jquery.justifiedGallery.min.js"></script>

<script src="/myBlogs/dist/main.js"></script>

<!-- ImageViewer -->

<!-- Root element of PhotoSwipe. Must have class pswp. -->
<div class="pswp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true">

    <!-- Background of PhotoSwipe. 
         It's a separate element as animating opacity is faster than rgba(). -->
    <div class="pswp__bg"></div>

    <!-- Slides wrapper with overflow:hidden. -->
    <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">

        <!-- Container that holds slides. 
            PhotoSwipe keeps only 3 of them in the DOM to save memory.
            Don't modify these 3 pswp__item elements, data is added later on. -->
        <div class="pswp__container">
            <div class="pswp__item"></div>
            <div class="pswp__item"></div>
            <div class="pswp__item"></div>
        </div>

        <!-- Default (PhotoSwipeUI_Default) interface on top of sliding area. Can be changed. -->
        <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden">

            <div class="pswp__top-bar">

                <!--  Controls are self-explanatory. Order can be changed. -->

                <div class="pswp__counter"></div>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" style="display:none" title="Share"></button>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button>

                <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button>

                <!-- Preloader demo http://codepen.io/dimsemenov/pen/yyBWoR -->
                <!-- element will get class pswp__preloader--active when preloader is running -->
                <div class="pswp__preloader">
                    <div class="pswp__preloader__icn">
                        <div class="pswp__preloader__cut">
                            <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap">
                <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div>
            </div>

            <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)">
            </button>

            <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)">
            </button>

            <div class="pswp__caption">
                <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div>
            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/default-skin/default-skin.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/photoswipe@4.1.3/dist/photoswipe-ui-default.min.js"></script>

<script>
    function viewer_init() {
        let pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0];
        let $imgArr = document.querySelectorAll(('.article-entry img:not(.reward-img)'))

        $imgArr.forEach(($em, i) => {
            $em.onclick = () => {
                // slider展开状态
                // todo: 这样不好，后面改成状态
                if (document.querySelector('.left-col.show')) return
                let items = []
                $imgArr.forEach(($em2, i2) => {
                    let img = $em2.getAttribute('data-idx', i2)
                    let src = $em2.getAttribute('data-target') || $em2.getAttribute('src')
                    let title = $em2.getAttribute('alt')
                    // 获得原图尺寸
                    const image = new Image()
                    image.src = src
                    items.push({
                        src: src,
                        w: image.width || $em2.width,
                        h: image.height || $em2.height,
                        title: title
                    })
                })
                var gallery = new PhotoSwipe(pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default, items, {
                    index: parseInt(i)
                });
                gallery.init()
            }
        })
    }
    viewer_init()
</script>

<!-- MathJax -->

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<script src="/myBlogs/js/busuanzi-2.3.pure.min.js"></script>


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<script src="/myBlogs/js/clickBoom2.js"></script>


<!-- CodeCopy -->


<link rel="stylesheet" href="/myBlogs/css/clipboard.css">

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/clipboard@2/dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script>
  function wait(callback, seconds) {
    var timelag = null;
    timelag = window.setTimeout(callback, seconds);
  }
  !function (e, t, a) {
    var initCopyCode = function(){
      var copyHtml = '';
      copyHtml += '<button class="btn-copy" data-clipboard-snippet="">';
      copyHtml += '<i class="ri-file-copy-2-line"></i><span>COPY</span>';
      copyHtml += '</button>';
      $(".highlight .code pre").before(copyHtml);
      $(".article pre code").before(copyHtml);
      var clipboard = new ClipboardJS('.btn-copy', {
        target: function(trigger) {
          return trigger.nextElementSibling;
        }
      });
      clipboard.on('success', function(e) {
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copied');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPIED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
      clipboard.on('error', function(e) {
        e.clearSelection();
        let $btn = $(e.trigger);
        $btn.addClass('copy-failed');
        let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
        $icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
        $icon.addClass('ri-time-line');
        let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
        $span[0].innerText = 'COPY FAILED';
        
        wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
          $icon.removeClass('ri-time-line');
          $icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
          $span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
        }, 2000);
      });
    }
    initCopyCode();
  }(window, document);
</script>


<!-- CanvasBackground -->


    
  </div>
</body>

</html>